Autism Spectrum Disorder refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication. Although not directly relevant to generic students’ mental health, autism is a condition that the student population should well be aware of; to better understand the plight of those afflicted severely with the condition and their families.
What causes ASD?
Increasing awareness on ASD and mental health means scientists have begun to explore the causes of such conditions. Yet, the specific etiologies remain largely undiscovered. Independent studies, however, have demonstrated that ASD has a strong genetic component. In addition, advanced paternal age, pregnant women’s exposure to certain drugs and infectious agents has been deemed likely to increase the risk of autism. The wide spectrum of ASD:
As mentioned earlier, autism is not a single disease. It is rather a collection of different disorders. Over the years, researchers and clinicians have widened the definition of ASD to an extent where individuals who have the same diagnosis may present very different symptoms. On one end of the spectrum lie those who are severely affected; those who may be non-verbal; those with complete sensory dysfunction; and those who will resort to harming themselves and others around them. On the other end there are individuals who have to suffer much less and can go about their daily lives with ease. Yet, somehow they are all fit under one blanket statement and labeled as having ‘autism’. Neurodiversity is the idea that neurological differences, including milder cases of autism, are the result of normal variation. Amongst those who are not affected as severely, the question arises, are they affected at all; or is there pathology being created where there is none? In other words, should we consider autism a disease? Many autism advocates have argued that it should not be considered a disease and that our definition of ‘normal’ must be widened. The argument protects those who feel as though their neurological differences should not mean they should be classified as anything but normal. But at the same time, it fails to deliver justice to those who do not have the ability to construct an opinion in their mind, let alone voice it.
Autism, whether it is severe or less so, is often an uphill battle for individuals having the condition and their families. Treatment and therapy can make it better, provided the condition is diagnosed and tackled from an early age. Thus, it is everyone’s role to keep spreading awareness; to promote respect towards those courageous enough to battle autism and to promote research that seeks treatment for the severely affected.
Shihabul Hassan Senior writer
Kommentare